GIS digital cartographic bases are more than mere files of computer-stored points. Rather, they are a framework where information is sorted into distinct layers and their representation is created from text, lines, colors and symbols. Creating those cartographic bases requires that the precision of each product be in compliance with the defined scale and that each piece of information represented is correctly structured. Thus, entities represented by polygons are mathematically closed; linear entities ...
Spatial representation of cadastral information must be supported by cartographic bases with clear accuracy standards. A cadastral base lacking geometric accuracy will cause technical and political strain. Taxation of wrong areas can give cause to the contributor to question the measure and even to file a lawsuit. For urban area cadastral mapping, it is recommended to create 1:1.000 or 1:2.000 scale bases, where an error of a regulated standard will not compromise neither the position nor the calculations ...
This has been one of the main activities carried out by Engefoto throughout its existence. Using optimum-quality, higher-scale images, highly-precise equipment and adopting stricter actual mathematical models made it possible to reach aerial survey accurate products similar to results obtained from conventional topographic processes. Combining aerial survey data collected in the office environment with field-collected elements, via topography or GPS has yielded efficient results when higher accuracy ...
Images obtained for air surveying purposes differ from those obtained from panoramic aerial photography, basically in that the former are often taken with metric cameras (fixed focal distance and very low degree of lens distortion, assured film-flatness and 23cm x 23cm image). Images obtained with cameras that lack those features are not adequate for accurate mapping, and should be used for other purposes that do not entail photo interpretation. Engefoto presently owns two aircrafts specially customized ...
The development of computer tools for topography and geography further day-by-day the importance of land digital models, making them a valuable source of information. They can be used for countless applications, such as for the areas of study that use that kind of information for a specific interest. Watersheds and networks, valley bottoms and coves, water mirrors, structural land lines, embankments and landfills, volumetric studies, and slope maps are easily-characterized, quantified and in some ...
Technological advancements in computer science have given rise to higher processing speed and storage capacity of digital files, thus enabling digital orthophotos in commercial terms. Actually, a digital orthophoto is a cartographic product quite different from the analog orthophoto in many ways, among which are versatility, quality and costs. Among its many advantages, the most important is that users do not require a high level of knowledge related to cartographic conventions, whereby they can ...
Geodesic and Topographic Surveys are used in territorial dimension surface representations, where topography is an assistance tool for determining geodesic support. Geodesic surveys comprise a group of measuring and observation activities to determine our planet’s form and dimensions (geoid and ellipsoid). Some examples of topographic and geodesic surveying services offered by Engefoto: Accurate Transverse and Leveling surveying Geodesic Positioning System (GPS) Property and settlement legalization ...
Georeferenced Information Systems (GIS) are a group of programs, equipment, methodologies, data and people (users), all of which are perfectly integrated to enable the collection, storing, processing and analysis of georeferenced data, as well as the production of information generated from their application. GIS store data geometry and attributes that are georeferenced, i.e. located on the earth surface of a cartographic projection and intend to provide the following main services: Cartographic ...
Introduction Geoenvironmental mapping is a source of data for macrodraining programs, urban growth, areas restricted for certain uses and areas that will be potentially used in the municipality of Aracaju State of Sergipe) –SE, as a city planning tool. The geoenvironmental concept is closely related with the results derived from cross-referencing different themes spatially represented in a same proportion, which then yields a spatial databank that will guide and provide data to the planning ...
Thematic maps address the representation of surface-related phenomena in a simple and clear manner to meet the user’s needs. Thematic maps cam be used in different ways, such as to provide specific information about certain locations, overall information on spatial standards and to compare standards of two or more maps. Designing thematic maps requires two elements: a cartographic base as a position reference and the thematic representation. Cartographic representation generate user-friendly ...
A technical cadaster is a data registration system that identifies or characterizes an area of interest, the registration of which should be executed or presented descriptively and always supported by a well-defined cartographic basis. The cadaster must also meet informative and legal requirements of both urban and rural properties, as well as perform the function of a database for governmental agencies, work agencies and users that need accurate information about a production unit or a region. The ...
Laser technology is internationally acknowledged for LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). This technology can generate dense and accurate numeric digital models, both for land topography (DTM – Digital Terrain Model) and vertical surface structures on that land (DSM – Digital Surface Model or DEM - Digital Elevation Model). ENGEFOTO has mapped over 2,500 square with this technology, generating the tridimensional georeference of 300 linear km transmission lines (both cables and structures), ...
